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Manuscript/Mixed Material [Verin Noravankʻ Gospels]

About this Item

Title

  • [Verin Noravankʻ Gospels]

Summary

  • This beautifully illuminated gospel book was copied in 1487 AD at the Monastery of Verin Noravank in Armenia. The exact location of the monastery is unknown, although, since the late 1980s, it has been associated with the ruins of the Monastery of Arates (Aratesivank) of Siwnik. Verin Noravank was in close contact with the better-known Noravank of Amaghu, with which it has often been confused. Fewer than 15 manuscripts are known to have been copied at Verin Noravank. As was customary with most Armenian manuscripts, the Verin Noravank gospel contains a lengthy colophon that traces its own history. The colophon is also important because it contains one of the few references to the White Sheep Turkoman overlord of that region at the time, Yaqub Bek. The four miniatures of the Evangelists and the decorative illuminations in the text are striking features of the gospel book, which was acquired by the Library of Congress in 2008. Technical analysis of the illuminations has revealed that the artist used a number of rare pigments, including tin white (tin oxide, SnO2); a blue-pigment mixture of cobalt glass (smalt), ultramarine, and possibly indigo; and a mixed red lead-vermillion pigment. The use of these pigments suggests ingenuity on the part of the artist, as well as the influence of Near Eastern and indigenous ceramic and textile technologies. World Digital Library.

Names

  • Grigor, Monk, of Verin Noravankʻ, active 15th century

Created / Published

  • 1487.

Notes

  • -  [Verin Noravankʻ (Monastery : Armenia)]
  • -  Initials; decorations in margins.
  • -  Ink: black ink probably a mixed ink (carbon black and iron-gall inks); orange ink and pink inks may be red lead and cochineal, respectively
  • -  Ms.
  • -  Near East Cage.
  • -  Paper: rag paper made on a reed mold; chain and laid lines not visible; rag paper sized with starch and polished.
  • -  Rubrication.
  • -  Text in 2 columns; 21 lines in written area, 11.5 x 15.2 cm.
  • -  Text on bottom of pages: Gospel parallels.
  • -  Also available in digital form on the Library of Congress Web site.
  • -  In Armenian.
  • -  Purchased of: Asia Minor Books.

Medium

  • Flyleaf, 263 leaves, flyleaf : paper ; 20.2 x 15.2 cm.

Call Number/Physical Location

  • BS95.5 .V47 1487

Digital Id

Library of Congress Control Number

  • 2009436809

Online Format

  • pdf
  • image

Additional Metadata Formats

IIIF Presentation Manifest

Rights & Access

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The Library asks that researchers approach the materials in this collection with respect for the culture and sensibilities of the people whose lives, ideas, and creativity are documented here.

Credit Line: [Original Source citation], World Digital Library

More about Copyright and other Restrictions

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Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Grigor, Monk, Of Verin Noravankʻ, Active 15Th Century. Verin Noravankʻ Gospels. 1487. Manuscript/Mixed Material. https://www.loc.gov/item/2009436809/.

APA citation style:

Grigor, M. (1487) Verin Noravankʻ Gospels. [Manuscript/Mixed Material] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2009436809/.

MLA citation style:

Grigor, Monk, Of Verin Noravankʻ, Active 15Th Century. Verin Noravankʻ Gospels. 1487. Manuscript/Mixed Material. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2009436809/>.